Diet is the most important component of gastritis therapy.Based on some characteristics of the disease, for example, acidity in the stomach, as well as the presence of erosive, atrophic and other forms, the diet may change in terms of what can and cannot be included in the menu.
If a person has an unbalanced diet, periodically drinks alcohol, smokes and is subjected to frequent severe stress, then he will inevitably develop a pathology such as gastritis.This is a disease that leads to inflammation of the stomach mucosa, causing its integrity to be compromised.As a result, various unpleasant symptoms appear, the main of which is acute pain in the upper abdomen.In addition, bloating, shortness of breath, nausea and vomiting appear, appetite decreases or disappears altogether, which often leads to weight loss.Gastritis of the stomach comes in different forms, including those that can be caused by an infectious environment, but in any case, successful treatment requires a healthy diet.You should not only change your diet, decide what you can eat and what you cannot eat, but also change the principles of nutrition yourself, make it regimented with a stable menu for the whole week, dividing the entire amount of food into 5-6 meals.During an exacerbation, the diet should be tightened;in addition, there are some nuances if gastritis is characterized by high or low acidity.
What is possible and what is not allowed for gastritis?
The main differences in the diet will be determined by the level of acidity.Which indicator is determined for a particular patient during diagnosis before therapy.
Increased acidity
With increased acidity, which happens more often, you should follow three basic principles:
- Engineering.It stipulates a ban on fried foods;in addition, coarse fibers are not allowed, such as bran bread, rutabaga, turnips and strips of meat.
- CHEMICAL.He says you should avoid foods that stimulate the secretion of hydrochloric acid required for the digestive process, for example, soda, alcohol and citrus fruits.In addition, rich concentrated soups based on meat and fish are prohibited.
- Thermal.It consists of eating food that has an optimal temperature, which is usually in the range of 16-55 degrees Celsius.If the food is hotter or colder, then with gastritis this causes irritation of the esophagus, which leads to an increase in the duration of food absorption and, accordingly, increased stress on the stomach.
If the environment in the stomach is characterized as acid, then types of fish and low-fat meat, fermented milk products, eggs, which can be served as omelets or soft boiled, are suitable for food.In addition, the diet may contain peeled tomatoes, boiled zucchini, potatoes, etc.
Low acidity
A diet for gastritis with reduced acidity includes foods that promote the greatest release of enzymes that ensure digestion.To do this, it is also important to normalize the procedure of eating food.This should be done slowly;it is important to spend at least half a minute chewing a piece of food and the eating process should last at least half an hour.Significantly improves the excretion of hydrochloric acid by drinking slightly carbonated mineral water;you should drink 200 ml of this water every time before meals.Various fruits and vegetables are allowed, which must be eaten immediately after the meal, since snacking is not allowed in the diet.Fruits and vegetables should be chosen light, based on the principle of the absence of strong fibers.To further facilitate the digestion process, it is better to peel the fruit in advance and eat only the pulp.
Low acidity has several benefits compared to high acidity.A small amount of chocolate products, light soups and juices, and river fish, mushrooms, and lean meats, which include rabbit and beef, are acceptable.Dairy products are allowed, but it is best to avoid milk itself.
What is not allowed?
If you have gastritis with any acidity, you should not consume:
- Baking;
- Chocolate products;
- Fried, spicy foods;
- Alcoholic beverages;
- Food rich in vegetable or animal fats;
- Vinegar.
How to eat during a tantrum - the menu for the week
In case of deterioration, a compromise must be found and the body receives all the necessary nutrients and microelements, but the diet is neutral and does not irritate the mucosa, which is so inflamed.In this situation, digestion should be helped as much as possible so that it happens very quickly.To do this, you should try to chop all the food as much as possible and use only boiling or steam for cooking.
It is important to make the compiled menu not only balanced and gentle, but also strictly adhere to it, eating food at a strictly defined time every day.The intervals between doses cannot be more than three hours, otherwise the stomach will empty and the irritation will only intensify.It cannot be forwarded, as it is filled with gastric stagnation.In the evening, you should eat no later than three to four hours before bedtime.
Oddly enough, during a period of deterioration, it is recommended to spend the first day on an empty stomach.However, the stomach still needs to be filled.To do this, you need to drink a lot of still water and weakly brewed tea.Any liquid you drink should be warm.Starting from the second day, liquid porridges and mashed potatoes with water are allowed.In addition, boiled eggs and non-concentrated soup with chopped vegetables will be useful.When gastritis worsens, foods rich in fat should be completely excluded from the diet, as their breakdown is very slow.
Menu for the week
Monday and Wednesday:
- Breakfast with oatmeal and compote;
- The second time you can have breakfast with steamed cheese;
- Lunch consists of mashed potatoes, vegetable soup with breadcrumbs, boiled fish, compote;
- Afternoon snack – cookies with light tea;
- Dinner - a side dish of pasta with steamed lean meat cutlets, light tea.
Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday:
- Breakfast consists of baked apples, cheesecakes and compote;
- The second time you should eat breakfast with a glass of jelly;
- You should eat lunch with vegetable juice, steamed fish, mineral water from gases;
- An afternoon snack of light tea without sugar with white bread crackers is allowed;
- For dinner, casserole with cottage cheese and compote.
Friday, Sunday:
- You should eat breakfast with boiled eggs for 5-6 minutes, washed with compote;
- During the second breakfast, eat cheesecakes with tea;
- Lunch with stewed vegetables, soup with mashed potatoes, jelly;
- Afternoon snack - a glass of kefir with crackers;
- Dinner should be boiled fish with porridge in water.
Diet no.1 for gastritis
Diet no.1 is considered quite strict.However, its use is a necessary measure, since restoring normal digestion and not irritating the stomach mucosa is very important in case of gastritis or if a person has an ulcer.This diet is prescribed after the end of the aggravation phase of the disease.Among the cooking methods, only boiling, steaming and baking can be used.It is extremely important to reduce the amount of salt consumed, as its presence negatively affects the condition of the inner surface of the stomach;in addition, salt slows down the removal of water from the body.
Diet no.1 involves dividing the entire daily diet into five to six small portions.The total amount of calories consumed cannot be more than 2000.
Among the main dishes that should be included in diet No. 1 are:
- Vegetable soup.The vegetable base can be replaced with vermicelli or rice;
- Meat without fat and fish without veins and other elements difficult to digest;
- Bread products should be consumed yesterday, dried, but also in the form of crackers.
In moderation, you can eat fermented milk products, for example, cottage cheese, yogurt, skim milk.
It cannot be consumed in diet No. 1:
- Rye bread;
- Soups based on mushrooms and meat - you will have to give up okroshka, borscht, cabbage soup;
- Smoked products;
- Pickles;
- Fish and other canned foods.
Diet for erosive forms
Gastritis is called erosive when the action of the disease causes gastric erosion, called an ulcer.Ulcer is a more serious disease that can lead to very serious consequences, including, for example, peritonitis, when erosion of the wall gradually leads to an internal hole, resulting in the entry of stomach contents into the abdominal cavity.This situation is fraught with death without urgent surgical treatment.
The causes of erosion, along with the effect of Helicobacter Pylori infection, are exposure to substances or excessively acidic gastric juice.Thus, with erosive gastritis, it is very important to eat properly to slow down and reverse the process of ulcer formation.
Here are the principles on which the diet should be based if the patient has erosive gastritis:
- The foods consumed should minimally irritate the stomach walls and prevent the increase of acidity;
- You should eat liquid, warm and pureed food continuously.At the same time, it is necessary to minimize the amount of fat and salt in the diet;
- Rejection of bad habits, spices, soda;
- Vegetables must be cooked using heat treatment;
- The emphasis in food should be on soups and cereals.
Diet and menu if the patient has atrophic gastritis
The atrophic form is relatively difficult to diagnose, since there are no symptoms in the early stage of the pathology.Among the few signs of the disease, one can notice the presence of belching after fried and fatty foods, which smells very unpleasant.In addition, the inevitable companions of atrophic gastritis are a state of general weakness, brittle legs and hair, and skin problems.
Atrophic gastritis imposes serious restrictions on the list of what is possible and what is not.In your diet you should avoid:
- Black baked goods, baked goods;
- Smoked dishes;
- Mushrooms in any form;
- Peas, beans;
- Canned food;
- unripe fruits and vegetables;
- Soda, including mineral water;
- Milk.
Like other gastritis diets, during the atrophic phase, cooking methods such as frying and smoking are completely prohibited.You can boil, steam or bake food to make it ready to eat
With atrophic gastritis, it is important to eat:
- Soup based on minced vegetables;
- Various porridge on water;
- Boiled lean meat, very finely chopped;
- Skimmed milk derivatives;
- Boiled eggs;
- Unleavened white bread, crackers;
- Fruits and vegetables that have been heat treated;
- Butter;
- For dessert, you can treat yourself to marmalade, jelly and mousse.